The route-book of Duarte Pacheco Pereira has been particularly useful. However, historians have reconstructed story from chronicles written in the sixteenth century, from near-contemporary maps, and from the stone pillars or padroes which the explorers raised on headlands along the African coast during their voyages, and from old rutters (sailing instructions). Early information about Dias's voyage is limited because all the actual records of his voyage perished when the castle of SГЈo Jorge, in which they were housed, burnt down after the Lisbon earthquake of 1755. The epoch-making voyage of Dias not only opened up the sea route to the Indies it paved the way for contact between Europe, Africa, and the East, greatly extending the Portuguese sphere of influence. Nevertheless, the voyage of Dias was fraught with consequences, for at the time the search for a passage to the Indies was a move in the great struggle between the Moslem world and Christendom. The great merchant traders of antiquity Г‚Вѕ the Phoenicians, Egyptians, Greeks, Arabs, Chinese and Indians вЂќвЂќ all made journeys down the west and east African coasts, and one expedition went right around the continent. It is very unlikely that Dias was, in fact, the first mariner to round the Cape.

Dias took part in Cabral's expedition that discovered Brazil, but DiasвЂ™s ship sank during a storm. King JoГЈo II of Portugal financed DiasвЂ™s expedition. He also discovered for Europe the south-east trade winds and the westerlies to the west and south of South Africa, thus establishing the wind system for those who sailed after him. His body was later taken back to Portugal for burial there.Bartolomeu Dias, also called Bartholomew Diaz, was a Portuguese navigator whose discovery in 1488 of the Cape of Good Hope showed Europeans there was a feasible route to India around the storm-driven southern tip of Africa. He soon fell ill, and in December 1524 he died in Cochin. For the next 20 years, da Gama continued to advise the Portuguese ruler on Indian affairs, but he was not sent back to the region until 1524, when King John III appointed him as Portuguese viceroy in India.Дa Gama arrived in Goa with the task of combating the growing corruption that had tainted the Portuguese government in India. Da GamaвЂ™s Later Life and Last Voyage to IndiaДa Gama had married a well-born woman sometime after returning from his first voyage to India the couple would have six sons. Upon his return to Portugal, by contrast, he was richly rewarded for another successful voyage. For these brutal demonstrations of power, da Gama was vilified throughout India and the region.

On this voyage, da Gama attacked Arab shipping interests in the region and used force to reach an agreement with CalicutвЂ™s ruler. In 1502, King Manuel put da Gama in charge of another Indian expedition, which sailed that February. He then moved on to Cochin, where he established the first Portuguese trading post in India. Little else is known about his early life, but in 1492 King John II sent da Gama to the port city of Setubal (south of Lisbon) and to the Algarve region to seize French ships in retaliation for French attacks on Portuguese shipping interests.ДЄfter Muslim traders killed 50 of his men, Cabral retaliated by burning 10 Muslim cargo vessels and killing the nearly 600 sailors aboard.

Vasco da GamaвЂ™s Early Life and First Voyage to IndiaД«orn circa 1460, Vasco da Gama was the son of a minor nobleman who commanded the fortress at Sines, located on the coast of the Alentejo province in southwestern Portugal. Two decades later, da Gama again returned to India, this time as Portuguese viceroy he died there of an illness in late 1524. Da Gama received a heroвЂ™s welcome back in Portugal, and was sent on a second expedition to India in 1502, during which he brutally clashed with Muslim traders in the region. After sailing down the western coast of Africa and rounding the Cape of Good Hope, his expedition made numerous stops in Africa before reaching the trading post of Calicut, India, in May 1498. The Portuguese nobleman Vasco da Gama (1460-1524) sailed from Lisbon in 1497 on a mission to reach India and open a sea route from Europe to the East. Da GamaвЂ™s Later Life and Last Voyage to India.Relations with Local Population & Rival Traders.Vasco da GamaвЂ™s Early Life and First Voyage to India.

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